Ram Manohar Lohia : Akbarpur
Ram Manohar Lohia was born on March 23, 1910 in the village of Akbarpur in Faizabad district. Ram's father, Hira Lal, was a teacher with a feeling of nationalism and profession. When Ram was very young then his mother Chanda died. Rama was presented at various times through various protests by his father in the Indian freedom struggle at a young age when Hari Lal had taken his son. Ram organized his first contribution in the freedom struggle by organizing a small hartal on the death of Lokmanya Tilak.
Hari Lal, a strong follower of Gandhiji, took his son to a meeting with Mahatma. This meeting impressed Lohia deeply and tried to retain them during the trying circumstances and helped to sway their thoughts, actions and love for Swaraj. Ram was impressed with Gandhiji's spiritual power and bright self-control that he resolved to follow the footsteps of the Mahatma. By joining a Satyagraha March at the age of ten, he proved his allegiance to Gandhiji and was important for the movement as a whole!
While reading the book of history prescribed in Lohia, Lohia said that the British author of the textbook called the great Maharashtrian King Chhatrapati Maharaj Shivaji as a "Bandi Sardar" (Lootera Sardar). Lohia researched the facts and proved that the label "Badu Leader" was an unfair description of Maharaj. Lohia launched a campaign to remove details from the textbook. In 1918, Lohia organized a student protest to oppose the All-White Simon Commission, without the need of consulting the Indian people, to consider the possibility of giving dominion status to India.
In 1921, Lohia met Jawaharlal Nehru. In these years, he introduced close friendship with Lohia, but Nehru never hesitated to stop his political beliefs and expressed open disagreement with Nehru on many major issues.
After attending the first place in his school's metric examinations, Lohia participated in the Banaras Hindu University to complete his Intermediate Course work. In 1929 Lohia passed the BA. From the University of Calcutta He decided to participate in all the prestigious educational institutions of Britain to participate in Berlin University, Germany to express his views about British philosophy. He soon learned German and received financial support on the basis of his excellent academic performance.
While living in Europe, Lohia participated in the League of Nations Assembly in Geneva. The well known puppet of the British Raj was represented by India by the Maharaja of Bikaner. Lohia made an exception and started protesting there from the visitors' gallery there and there. He gave several letters to the editors of newspapers and magazines to clarify the reasons for his opposition. The whole event made Lohia a recognized person in India overnight. Lohia helped organize the Association of European Indians and became secretary of the club. The main focus of the organization was to conserve and expand Indian nationalism outside India.
Lohia, while focusing on Gandhiji's socio-economic theory, wrote his PhD thesis paper on "Salt Satyagraha".
When Lohia returned to India in 1933, a humorous situation arose. Ram did not have the money to reach his hometown from the airport. He wrote a nationalist article for the most popular and widely read newspaper "The Hindu", and got the money to pay the rent for the house.
Lohia joined the Indian National Congress as soon as he returned home. Lohia was attracted towards socialism and in 1934 helped establish the foundation of the Congress Socialist Party, wrote several influential articles on the viability of a socialist India. Lohia formed a new branch in the Indian National Congress - All India Congress Committee (a Foreign Affairs Department). Nehru appointed Lohia as the first secretary of the committee. During the two years, he helped to define the service that he would be the foreign policy of India.
At the beginning of World War II, Lohia had an opportunity to end the British rule in India. He created a series of caustic speeches in which Indians were urged to boycott all government institutions. He was arrested on May 24, 1939, but was released by the authorities on the fear of a young rebellion the next day.
Immediately after his release, Lohia wrote an article called "Satyagraha Now" in Gandhiji's newspaper, Harijan on June 1, 1940. Within six days of publication of the article, he was arrested and sentenced to two years' jail. During his sentence, the magistrate said, "He (Lohia) is a top class scholar, gentle gentleman, liberal ideology and high moral character." In a meeting of the Congress Committee, Gandhiji said, "I can not sit quiet till Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia is in jail ... I do not know yet a person brave and simple, he has never campaigned for violence. Whatever he has done, he has increased, his honor and respect. "Lohia was mentally tortured and questioned by his prisoners. On December 1, 1941, all the people including Lohia were arrested. Grace leaders were released by the government in a desperate effort to stabilize India internally.
He wrote rigorously to spread the message of overthrowing British imperialist governments from the countries of Asia and Africa. He also brought a fictitious blueprint for new Indian cities which could self-administer so well that no police or army would be needed.
Gandhiji and the Indian National Congress started the Quit India movement in 1942. Major leaders, including Gandhiji, Nehru, Azad and Patel, were put in jail. "Secondary Cadre" continued the struggle to continue the struggle and to keep the flame of self-flag burning among the hearts of the people. The leaders who were still free, they carried out their operations from the underground. Lohia printed and distributed many posters, pamphlets and bulletins on the theme of "Do or Die" on their secret printing press. With freedom fighter Usha Mehta, Lohia telecasted messages in Bombay for the entire three months before finding a secret radio station called "Congress Radio", which meant that the disorganized Indian population had the hope and spirit in the absence of their leaders Was in the form of a solution to give.
Lohia went to Calcutta to revive the movement there. He changed his name to hide from the police, which was closing on him. To escape from the British, Lohia fled to dense forests of Nepal. There he met the Nepali people and the Koirala brothers (courageous freedom fighters in Nepal) who remained Lohia's allies for a lifetime
Lohia was captured in Bombay in May 1944. Lohia was taken to a jail in Lahore, which was notorious for its annoying atmosphere all over India. He committed excessive atrocities in jail. His health was destroyed but his courage remained. Even if he was not worthy of his courage and strong will power strengthened him through examination. Under Gandhiji's press, the government released Lohia and his companion Jayaprakash Narayan. 2 was waiting for huge crowd to welcome a hero. Lohia decided to meet her friend in Goa to relax. Lohia was worried about knowing that the Portuguese government had stopped the people's freedom of speech and assembly. He decided to give a speech to protest the policy, but he was arrested before reaching the meeting. The Portuguese government trusted and gave people the right to assemble. The people of Goa woven the story of Lohia to work for Goa in their folk songs. As the Hindu-Muslim struggle grew closer to the attempt of Hindu freedom in India. Lohia strongly opposed the partition of India in his speeches and articles. They appealed to remain united with the communities in the riot-hit areas, to ignore the violence surrounding them and to follow the ideals of Gandhiji's non-violence. Lohia gave a relief to the Mahatma as the nation that once he took refuge in the power of non-violence to kill his own brothers and sisters. Gandhiji has Lohia, because the father will have a son.
Dr. Lohia, together with the unification of some 650 Indian princely states, formed large states, an idea which was later adopted by India's first Home Minister, Sardar Patel. Lohia argued while taking the side of Hindi as the official language of India, "English is a gap between basic thinking, inferiority feelings, and educated and uneducated public. Come, let us restore Hindi to its original glory. Try it for ".
He was one of the greatest thinkers whom Indian Parliament could ever see. He felt that prevailing poverty would create India with a weak foundation. A financially crippled India tried to find ways to overcome poverty, Lohia decided to realize the importance of economic strength for the future of the nation.
They encouraged public participation in post-independence reconstruction. He pressured people to build canals, wells and roads voluntarily in their neighborhood. He self-made a dam on the Paniyari river which stands till today and it is called "Lohia Sagar Dam". Lohia said, "Without creative work, satyagraha is like a sentence without a verb." He realized that public work will lead to unity and awareness in the community. He also had an important role in having 60 percent seats in the legislature reserved for minorities, lower class and women.
In the form of democracy, Indian Parliament was obliged to hear the complaints of citizens. Lohia helped create a day called "Janwana Diwas" on which people from all over the country came and presented their complaints before the members of Parliament. The tradition continues even today.
Lohia wanted to eliminate private schools and wanted to establish an advanced municipal (government) schools, which provided equal educational opportunities to students of all castes. It was hoped that it would help in erasing the division created by the caste system.
In the annual conference of the Socialist Party, Lohia plans to decentralize the power of the government so that the general public gets more power in Indian politics. He constituted the Hind Kisan Panchayat to resolve the everyday problems of the farmers.
Lohia was a socialist and wanted to unite all the socialists in the world to make a powerful platform. He was the General Secretary of the People Socialist Party. He established the World Development Council and finally the World Government to maintain peace in the world.
During his last few years, apart from politics, he spent hours talking to thousands of young adults on Indian literature, politics and art.
Lohia passed away on 12 October 1967 in New Delhi. He did not leave any property or bank balance, but made prudent meditation.
We have brought for you seven facts about Ram Manohar Lohia, which you should know:
1. He joined the Communist Congress Socialist Party (CSP) of the Indian National Congress, when it was established in 1934. Lohia worked as a member of the executive committee and also edited the weekly magazine.
2. During World War II, his protest began against the nomination of the Indians in the royal army, which put him in jail in 1939 and then in 1940.
3. During the call of Gandhi of the Quit India Movement, Lohia along with Jayaprakash Narayan and his fellow CSP members secretly resisted. For this, he was again imprisoned in 1944.
4. Lohia studied at the Berlin University of Germany During this time, he organized a union of European Indians who would raise voice against British persecution in India.
5. He was jailed for writing an article 'Satyagraha Now' in Gandhi's newspaper Harijan.
6. After independence, Lohia established an organization named Hind Kisan Panchayat for the help of farmers with agricultural solutions.
7. They also opposed the Portuguese government's restrictive speech in Goa and the policy of the movement of the original inhabitants.
8. Lohia made Hindi the official language of India after independence. He said, "The use of English is obstructing the basic thinking, ancestor of inferior emotions and the gap between educated and uneducated people. Come, let's unite to restore Hindi to its original glory."
9. Lohia is also famous for his remarks against then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. He wrote a letter called '25,000 rupees in a day' in which he had said that the amount spent on the Prime Minister for one day is very much in comparison to the poor country.
10. Janwani Din is a tradition to be celebrated in Parliament. This day is dedicated to listening to the pleas and problems of the citizens of India. This was mainly the idea of Lohiya.
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